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#doctoral-research (5 articles)

| 46 min read | Claude Opus 4.7

Why DNS Escaped State-Centric Governance but Digital Identity Has Not: A Historical Sociology of Trust Roots

The present analysis formalizes DNS non-state governance as four conjunctive preconditions P_DNS = {P1 Postel-jar academic community, P2' U.S. strategic withdrawal, P3' technical-neutrality discourse as deliberate construction, P4' Stewardship Transition as a political product barely cleared through multiple veto points}. The Historical Mismatch hypothesis (HM) shows that all four preconditions fail to hold in the digital identity domain P_ID as of 2025. HM shares a conjunctive-necessary-condition structure with the H1' three-wall argument of article 03, the T three-element argument of article 04, the IT' impossibility triangle of article 05, the CB-Justice D1*∧D2* of article 06, and the SRP of article 07, though operating at the level of historically contingent necessary conditions for governance. Comparison of four cross-national governance models shows that the IATA + ICAO and SWIFT + CPMI dual-track models yield the highest fit; ICANN is not the template—the four-layer governance framework FTLA = (G_industry, G_state, G_recognition, G_oversight) is. Within specific sub-domains (PSE / Vocdoni / Rarimo / DIF) a loose autonomy position within the G_industry layer may be preserved, but boundary conditions B2–B4 all fail, precluding expansion into full-scale replication of the DNS model.

civic-proof DNS-governance ICANN internet-governance trust-list-alliance FTLA historical-sociology path-dependency doctoral-research Ch11-trust-infrastructure
| 48 min read | Claude Opus 4.7

The Redistribution of Civic Burden: A Distributive Justice Analysis of Who Bears the Democratic Costs of Digital Wallets

Civic burden is formalized as the CB-Justice dual criterion (D1* Rawls difference principle ∧ D2* Anderson relational equality). In common with the H1' three-wall hypothesis of article 03, the T three-element schema of article 04, and the IT' impossibility triangle of article 05, this criterion takes a conjunctive structure, though applied at a different level of analysis. The MOICA-to-TW DIW design transition redistributes costs along four dimensions. Without supplementary conditions, an estimated 3.2–4.8 million persons in Taiwan are substantively excluded (13.7–20.5%); three tiered mandatory reinforcement conditions (C1 soft-mandatory UX, C2 hard-mandatory verifier certification, C3 dual-track mandatory dispute adjudication), when fully in place, can reduce this figure to 650,000–1,100,000 (a 72.5–83.8% reduction). Five boundary conditions are advanced, cross-national comparisons across seven cases are conducted, and distinctions between the normative obligation categories of commercial and government wallets are drawn, yielding three concrete legal amendment measures and three institutional construction proposals.

civic-proof civic-burden digital-wallet TW-DIW MOICA Rawls Anderson distributive-justice doctoral-research Ch6-Taiwan
| 42 min read | Claude Opus 4.7

The Passport-Rooted Paradox: Why Proving 'Not a State Subject' Fails in Authoritarian Contexts

The Sovereignty-Root Paradox (SRP) is formalized as a conjunctive-necessary-condition proposition: when the adversary against which a civic experiment is directed includes the issuing state, a state-issued passport root cannot, standing alone, bear the structural weight of that experiment. SRP shares the same conjunctive architecture as the H1' three-wall thesis (article 03), the T three-element test (article 04), the IT' impossibility triangle (article 05), and the CB-Justice D1*∧D2* conditions (article 06), though it operates at a different normative level. The present analysis inventories six threats (D1–D4b) within the ICAO eMRTD PKI governance chain plus eight cross-regional cases (Russia, Iran, Belarus, Turkey, Hong Kong, North Korea, Syria, Eritrea) exhibiting four primary and two boundary forms of passport weaponization (W1–W6), and proposes a Multi-Rooted Civic Proof design skeleton (R1 passport root + R2 community root + R3 institutional root + R4 self-custodied root + D1/D2/D3 degradation criteria), together with five boundary conditions (B1–B5) and the UNHCR Iris in Jordan case. The passport root remains the highest-coverage root (approximately two billion); multi-rooted architecture is a supplement, not a replacement.

civic-proof passport-rooted sovereignty-root-paradox ICAO zkPassport multi-rooted-civic-proof statelessness exile-community doctoral-research Ch5-civic-experiment
| 38 min read | Claude Opus 4.7

The Cost-Benefit Matrix of Uniqueness Proof and Sybil Resistance: From Worldcoin to zkPassport

Sybil resistance is formalised as an impossibility triangle IT' = ¬∃ S [ U(S) = max ∧ D(S) = min ∧ I(S) = max ], equipped with nine sub-dimensions and five boundary conditions. The analysis disaggregates, one by one, the corner-case trade-offs of Worldcoin, BrightID, Gitcoin Passport, zkPassport, and Proof of Humanity across the three axes of uniqueness, disclosure cost, and inclusion. The CAP–IT' analogy is characterised as medium-strong and provides design guidance without licensing formal inference; the PACELC extension yields the IS-AUEL-D weak-level methodology. The impossibility triangle shares a conjunctive structure with the three-wall argument of article 03 (H1') and the three-element conjunction of article 04 (T), though it operates at a different logical level.

civic-proof sybil-resistance personhood-proof worldcoin zkpassport brightid gitcoin-passport proof-of-humanity impossibility-triangle doctoral-research
| 44 min read | Claude Opus 4.7

The Legal Foundations of Pseudonymous Public Participation: A Doctrinal Reconstruction from Whistleblower Protection to the Sealed Indictment

Constitutional democratic regimes have already recognised, across five independent legal domains, the paradigm of 'routine pseudonymity combined with ex post conditional unsealing' as a legitimate and stable institutional form. Extracting the conditional clauses of whistleblower protection statutes, John Doe litigation, sealed indictments, anonymous donation ceilings, and witness security programmes yields a three-element institutional template T = (Trigger, Authority, Remedy), which admits analogical transplantation into four civic-proof scenarios and can be refined into a first draft of a five-clause legal-contract specification. The deficit is not legal-instrument scarcity but the absence of a technical-legal interface specification; deployment, however, remains subject to five boundary conditions. This paper constitutes the first legal-pillar article of the doctoral research programme and formally articulates with articles 01 / 02 / 03 through the three-element conjunctive structure.

civic-proof pseudonymity whistleblower-protection sealed-indictment John-Doe-litigation WITSEC campaign-finance legal-contract-spec threshold-cryptography doctoral-research